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I recently read “The Smartest Kids in the World—And How They Got That Way” by journalist Amanda Ripley, and it made me reflect on how the lessons from this book might apply to education in South Africa. Can the principles used in high-performing countries help our children achieve greater academic success?

Illustration of two people studying on a stack of books and a pencil with education text and lightbulb.

In her book, Ripley follows three American teenagers who spend a year attending school in Finland, Poland, and South Korea, countries known for their impressive results in the PISA assessments. PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) is a global test administered every three years by the OECD. It measures how well 15-year-olds can apply what they’ve learnt in reading, maths, and science to real-life problems. Importantly, PISA doesn’t test rote memorisation, but the ability to think critically and use knowledge meaningfully.
By comparing these three education systems, Ripley identified several key factors that contribute to their success:

1. High Expectations for Every Learner


In Finland, Poland, and South Korea, education is taken seriously. All learners, regardless of background or ability, are expected to master challenging material from an early age. Instead of lowering the bar for those who struggle, the focus remains on maintaining high standards and supporting learners to reach them.

2. Respect for Teachers and Teacher Quality


In these countries, teaching is a highly respected profession. Entry into teacher training is competitive, and only top candidates are accepted. Teachers are well trained, well regarded, and given the professional freedom to do their jobs well. This results in classrooms where learners and parents respect educators, not only for their knowledge but also for their dedication.

3. Structured Support at Home


In South Korea, for instance, parents often act as “coaches” rather than “cheerleaders”. They are deeply involved in their children’s learning, not simply encouraging them, but actively helping them prepare for assessments. The culture of academic support at home plays a critical role in learners’ performance.

4. Equity and Challenge


Another common thread in these systems is delaying academic streaming, or grouping by ability, until high school. During the early years, all learners are exposed to the same curriculum, giving everyone the opportunity to develop a strong foundation. This approach helps ensure that no child is left behind too soon.

5. Limited Use of Technology in the Classroom


Interestingly, some of the best-performing countries make very little use of technology in schools. The emphasis is on teacher-led instruction, critical thinking, and mastery of core content. While technology can be useful, it’s clear that a strong, inspiring teacher remains the most important resource in the classroom.
While it may feel daunting to implement these practices here at home, I believe they are possible, with the right support and commitment from everyone, including government, schools, and families.
We already hold high hopes for our children — so why not pair those hopes with high expectations? If we expect little, we may be unintentionally limiting their potential. But when we believe in their ability to succeed, we give them a real chance to rise to the occasion.
South Africa is home to many excellent schools and dedicated teachers. However, two key issues need attention: teachers are often underpaid and undervalued. As a result, few learners are choosing to pursue teaching as a career. To attract passionate and skilled individuals into the profession, we must raise the status of teaching and invest in meaningful training.
Parental involvement also remains a crucial factor. Whether it’s a parent, grandparent, or tutor, having someone to support a child’s learning at home, especially during the early years, makes a tremendous difference. For many working families, this isn’t always easy, but even small actions like asking your children to quickly explain a concept they learnt at school that day, can reinforce their understanding of the concept.
Too often, children are labelled early in their school career; “Amy can’t concentrate”, “Bongi is too fidgety”, “Jason’s not good at maths.” But the idea that every child has the potential to succeed, given the right support and time, is far more powerful. That’s why exposing all learners to the same curriculum in the early years is so important. As they grow, subject choices will allow them to explore their strengths and interests.
Finally, I found it particularly refreshing that the world’s top education systems don’t rely heavily on digital tools. While technology has a place in modern learning, there is simply no substitute for an enthusiastic, skilled teacher—someone who can bring a history lesson to life or make a science experiment unforgettable.

Conclusion

Ripley’s book is a reminder that meaningful change in education is possible. It doesn’t require fancy gadgets or shortcuts. It requires belief in children’s potential, respect for teachers, consistent support at home, and systems built on equity and high standards. These are not impossible goals, they’re just goals we have to choose to pursue.
Reference : Ripley, A. (2013). The smartest kids in the world: And how they got that way. New York: Simon & Schuster.

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It can support creativity, emotional wellbeing, problem solving and relationships throughout our lives. In her talk, "Why Everyone Needs to Play!", Mila Rojas challenges the idea that play belongs only to childhood. She encourages adults to think back to the activities they loved when they were 11 years old. Did they enjoy building, drawing, dancing, playing games, riding bicycles or making up stories? Her message is simple: growing older does not mean that we should stop playing. Play is an important part of learning For children, play is one of the most natural ways to learn. When children build a tower, create an imaginary shop or invent the rules of a game, they are doing much more than entertaining themselves. They are learning how to: solve problems; communicate their ideas; cooperate with others; manage disappointment; negotiate rules; use their imagination; make decisions; and try again when something does not work. The American Academy of Pediatrics explains that appropriate play with parents and other children helps to develop language, emotional regulation, social skills and important thinking abilities. Play also gives children a safe space in which to explore their world and practise new skills. A child building a bridge with blocks is experimenting with balance and structure. Children playing a card game are using numbers, memory and strategy. A group creating an imaginary restaurant is practising language, cooperation and problem solving.Learning does not always need to look like formal schoolwork. Adults also need opportunities to play Adults may not play in exactly the same way as children, but play remains valuable. It may involve gardening, painting, dancing, solving a puzzle, playing a social sport, creating music, baking for enjoyment or playing a board game with friends. Research into adult playfulness has found positive relationships between playfulness and aspects of wellbeing, including positive emotions, engagement, relationships and life satisfaction. This does not mean that play removes the challenges and responsibilities of adult life. It means that enjoyable, voluntary activities may help adults reconnect with curiosity and creativity. Play can give adults permission to: take a break from constant productivity; experiment without fearing mistakes; enjoy the present moment; connect socially with others; and rediscover interests that have been neglected. An adult who plays is not being irresponsible. A healthy life needs room for responsibility, rest, connection and enjoyment. Playing together benefits children and adults Playing with children is not only beneficial for the child. Shared play can also help parents and caregivers become more present and attentive. The American Academy of Pediatrics reports that positive parenting activities, including playing and reading together, can reduce parental stress and strengthen the relationship between parent and child. When adults join children in play, they enter the child’s world. This creates opportunities for conversation, laughter and connection that may not occur during rushed daily routines. Responsive interaction is especially valuable for young children. Harvard University’s Center on the Developing Child describes the importance of “serve and return” interaction. A child makes a sound, gesture or comment, and a caring adult responds. These repeated interactions help to build healthy brain development and secure relationships. Shared play naturally creates many of these moments. A parent rolls a ball and the child rolls it back. A child invents a character and the adult responds as another character. A child adds a block to a tower and the adult follows their idea. 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The value lies in imagining, experimenting and connecting. Simple ways to introduce more play Play does not require expensive toys, special equipment or a carefully planned programme. Families can begin with ordinary objects and activities. Have a family game evening Play cards, complete a puzzle or choose a board game. Allow different family members to choose the game each week. Go outside Kick a ball, take a walk, play with pets, explore the garden or invent a simple obstacle course. Create something together Draw, paint, bake, build with recycled boxes or make up a story. The activity does not need to produce something perfect. Let children teach the adults Ask your child to teach you a game or activity they enjoy. This gives the child confidence and allows the adult to enter the child’s world. Rediscover an old interest Think back to what you loved doing when you were younger. Try it again, even if you feel a little self-conscious at first. 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